现在分词作宾语补足语的结构在英语中相当常见。这种情况常常出现在以下情境:
一、感官动词后接宾语和现在分词,表示看到或听到某人或某物正在进行某个动作或状态。例如:I saw him running in the park.(我看见他在公园跑步。)
二、使役动词如keep、have、get等后接宾语和现在分词,表示使某人或某物处于某个状态或持续做某事。例如:She has her children cleaning their rooms every day.(她让孩子们每天打扫房间。)
以下是常见的以现在分词为宾补的20个动词及其典型用法:
1. bring sb. doing sth. 引出某人做某事。例如:The delicious smell of baking cookies brought the kids running into the kitchen.(烤饼干的香味让孩子们跑进了厨房。)
2. catch sb. doing sth. 碰上某人做某事。例如:I caught my brother eating the cake I hid in the fridge.(我撞见我哥哥在吃我藏在冰箱里的蛋糕。)
3. discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事。例如:She discovered her daughter painting on the walls.(她发现女儿在墙上涂鸦。)
4. feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事。例如:He felt his heart pounding as he approached the edge of the cliff.(他走近悬崖边时,感到自己的心跳加速。)
5. find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事。例如:I found my dog sleeping on the couch.(我发现我的狗在沙发上睡觉。)要注意与find sb. to do sth的区别,后者是找到某人做某事。
6. get sb. doing sth. 使得某人做某事。例如:She got her kids cleaning their rooms.(她让孩子们打扫房间。)此句强调的是她的行动或方式导致孩子们开始打扫房间。
7. have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事。例如:She had her brother helping with the chores.(她让她的兄弟帮忙做家务。)这与have sb. do sth不同,前者强调持续性的动作。
8. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事。例如:I heard my neighbor singing loudly last night.(昨晚我听到邻居在唱歌。)与hear sb. do sth不同,前者强调动作的持续性。
9. keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事。例如:She kept her son practicing the piano for an hour every day.(她让她儿子每天练习钢琴一个小时。)没有keep sb. to do sth.这种用法。
10. listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人正在做某事。例如:She listened to her friend singing a beautiful song.(她听朋友唱了一首美妙的歌。)与listen to sb. do sth不同,前者强调动作的持续性。
11. look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事。例如:I looked at my brother dancing at the party.(我看着我哥哥在派对上跳舞。)没有look at sb. do sth这个短语。
12. notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事。例如:He noticed his daughter drawing on the wall.(他注意到女儿在墙上画画。)没有notice sb. do sth这个短语。
13 3observe sb. doing sth 观察某人做某事。例如:She observed her students making outstanding speeches.(她观察到学生们在做精彩的演讲。)与observe sb do sth不同,前者强调动作的持续性。
14 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事。例如:I saw my sister running in the park.(我看见我妹妹正在公园跑步。)与see sb do sth不同,前者强调动作的持续性。在日常生活中我们更常使用这样的表达方式。值得注意的是还有 send sb doing sth和set sb doing sth等表达方式他们的含义和使用场景也与常见的不同。关于stop和prevent也有相应的表达方式在运用时要注意区分。 希望这样的文本更符合真人写作的风格和水平同时保留原有知识的深度期待您的反馈意见以进一步修改提高。