在国际贸易交流中，信函书写显得尤为重要。不同的信函阶段，都有着其特定的书写要求和常用句法。下面我们将根据不同的外贸阶段，简要介绍外贸信函的常用写作句法。
一、询价与答复
询价阶段的主要目的是了解价格、产品目录、付款条款等信息。在书写时，应先阐明得知对方公司的途径及业务范围，再简要介绍己方公司的经营业务，然后询问相关商品的价格、常用付款方式、是否存在折扣，并可请求对方寄送价目表等附件。
常用句式：
1. We learn from…that your are exporter/importer of …
2. We are dealers in…and anticipate there is a promising market for your goods in our area.
3. We would like you to send us a copy of your catalogue with CIF prices and terms of payment.
答复询价时，应针对对方的询问提供信息，并在结尾建议对方关注己方的其他商品，以拓展业务联系。
常用句式：
1. We are pleased to receive your inquiry regarding…and enclose our illustrated catalogue and price list.
2. We allow a discount for regular purchases of not less than…The payment is to be made by irrevocable L/C at sight.
二、资信咨询
资信咨询阶段主要是通过调查首此合作的商贸伙伴的资信状况，以确保交易的安全。信件内容应简洁全面地叙述己方想要了解的信息。
常用句法：
1. We have received a letter from…and would like to know about their financial and credit standing.
2. We would appreciate it if you could assist us in this matter, and we can assure you that all the information provided will be treated with absolute confidentiality.
三、报盘及还盘
报盘及还盘阶段是贸易谈判的重要环节。报盘应具备价格、付款条件、价格构成、交货装运日期的承诺等细节，而还盘则是对方对报盘的反应和调整。
报盘常用句式：
1. Thank you for your letter of (date). We are pleased to quote as follows…subject to your re reaching us by (date).
2. Terms: By L/C at sight; Shipment: within (time) of receiving the L/C.
还盘常用句式：
1. Thank for your offer, but the price seems to be a bit high. We suggest you make some adjustment.
2. We find the quality, price, and other terms satisfactory and are pleased to accept your offer.
四、支付条款
定单阶段完成后，买卖双方需确认支付条款及发货事宜。常用的支付方式有信用证（L/C)、付款交单（D/P)、承兑交单（D/A）等。
确认支付条款常用句式：
1. We require payment to be made by a confirmed and irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight upon presentation of shipping documents.
2. Payment by L/C is convenient for us, and we shall draw a demand draft on your bank.
五、装运
关于包装的句式举例：
1. Please use a stronger box to package the goods, as the previous one was easily damaged.
2. The packaging should be waterproof to protect the contents from getting wet.
关于货运的常用句式：
1. We wish to remind you that the shipment is due soon, and we haven’t received any updates on the delivery status.
2. We apologize for the delay in shipment, and we are taking measures to ensure timely delivery in the future.
六、抱怨与调停
抱怨与调停阶段通常因为货物发错或货品质量不能令人满意而发生。抱怨方应以礼貌的态度请求解决，而发货方则应迅速查明原因并提出解决方法。
抱怨调停常用句式：
1. We noticed a mistake in the shipped goods; the received items do not match the ordered ones. Could you please look into this matter and make a correction?
2. We regret to inform you that the quality of the goods received is not up to our expectations. Could you please suggest a solution?
3. We understand there was a mistake, and we have already arranged for the correct goods to be shipped to you immediately. We apologize for any inconvenience caused.
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